Studying the various schools of Islamic jurisprudence

schools of Islamic jurisprudence are known as Fiqh and Sharia schools provided a great favor to Islamic law, as these four schools organized the matters of Islamic jurisprudence, which was scattered and dispersed had it not been for the fact that.

These schools organized the issues and subdivisions that were distributed among the students at the beginning of the codification era, moreover, fiqh and Sharia schools have great importance, so we will discuss this importance in our next paragraphs.

What are the types of Islamic jurisprudence?

Before we get acquainted with the fiqh and Sharia schools, we must study the types of Islamic jurisprudence, which are as follows:

1- Jurisprudence of the text:

It is the sciences of Hadith and the Sunnah of the Prophet, the sciences of the Qur’an, the science of interpretation, the science of readings and language, and in relative terms the science of the principles of jurisprudence.

2- The jurisprudence of fate:

It is to look at the result of the act, and what the Sharia ruling devolves to.

The jurisprudence of fate is the jurisprudence that made the Messenger, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, and keep the hypocrites as they plotted against him.

And plotted against him, and his companions, may Allah be pleased with them, advised him to kill them and rest from their evil. 

3- Jurisprudence of Reality:

It is good to represent the problems of reality through full awareness and vigilant reflection. 

What is required of (the jurisprudence of reality) is the approach to dealing with reality, whereby the Muslim realizes the good guidance of the Shari’a for him in public life, as the Messenger, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him and the Companions.

4- The jurisprudence of translating the text into reality:

It means researching the Sharia ruling found in the Sharia text, and I believe that each Sharia text that is definitive in its occurrence.

It works with a Sharia ruling of a certain kind, which is intended to be considered and considered in the incident, and this requires two sciences.

The science of the principles of jurisprudence in an absolute capacity, and the science of jurisprudence in its special meaning.

5- Jurisprudence of what will happen:

It is the jurisprudence of budgets, the jurisprudence of priorities, and the jurisprudence of calamities because all of these are included in the purposes of the Sharia. 

not all things are in one place, and not all costs of the Sharia are the same. As each assignment has a certain value.

Why do we study Islamic jurisprudence?

Knowledge of Islamic jurisprudence and the evidence of rulings, and knowledge of fiqh and Sharia schools to whom reference is referred in this section – are among the important matters that scholars should take care of.

• And clarify to people – because Allah Almighty created the two things for worshiping Him, and this worship can only be known by knowing Islamic jurisprudence and its evidence, the rulings of Islam.
• And this can only be done with the knowledge of the scholars who are relied upon in this matter from among the imams of hadith and Islamic jurisprudence.
• The scholars are the heirs of the prophets, and the prophets did not bequeath a dinar or a dirham, but rather they inherited knowledge, so whoever takes it takes an abundant share.
• And among the means of happiness for the servant, and among the signs of salvation and victory is that he understands the religion of Allah and that he is a jurist in Islam.
• Seeing the religion of Allah according to what came in the book Almighty Allah and the Sunnah of His faithful Messenger, peace, and blessings be upon him.

In connection with the importance of studying Islamic jurisprudence, we help you in the Academy of Hamil Quran to master the study of jurisprudence and the study of fiqh and Sharia.

What are the four sources of Islamic Fiqh?

In addition to the fiqh and Sharia schools, there are other sources of legislation for jurisprudence

The sources of Islamic legislation are the evidence on which Islamic law is based.

And there is evidence agreed upon by most of the sects and others on which there is disagreement. 

As the book and the Sunnah are the two origins for the rest of the other sources, followed by consensus, then analogy, and these four are the legal principles agreed upon by the majority of scholars.

What are the schools of Islamic jurisprudence?

Scholars have worked since ancient times until our modern era on the study of Islamic jurisprudence through the study of fiqh and Sharia schools.

At the hands of sheikhs who are well versed in jurisprudence, know the sayings of scholars, able to weigh between sayings and balance between texts and evidence.

This is what the four companions of the Sunni schools of thought recommended, then they taught it to students of knowledge.

So that they would become like them and be empowered with the knowledge they took from them. As for the fiqh and Sharia schools, they are as follows:

1- Hanafi school

The Hanafi school is attributed to Imam Abu Hanifa al-Numan al-Kufi – may Allah be pleased with him – who was born in the eighty years of the Hijrah, and died in the hundred and fifty years in Baghdad.

2- Maliki school

The Maliki school was founded by Imam Malik bin Anas bin Malik Al-Asbahi, who was known for piety, piety, discipline, and justice. 

He was born in Medina in the ninety-third year of the Hijrah, and he was a student of Rabia Al-Rai, Al-Zuhri, Nafi’, and Ibn Hormuz.

3- Shafi’i school

Imam Al-Shafi’i, who is the owner of the school of thought, received knowledge from the imam and mufti of Makkah, known as Muslim bin Khalid Al-Zanji.

And Imam Sufyan bin Uyaynah continued to take knowledge in Makkah Al-Mukarramah from its scholars until he exceeded the age of twenty, then he moved to Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah and adhered to Imam Malik bin Anas until he died.

4- Hanbali school 

The lineage of the Hanbali school goes back to Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal al-Shaibani, who was born in Baghdad in the 164th year of the Hijrah.

And his school of thought is considered the fourth in order among the fiqh and Sharia schools in force among the Sunnis. 

Baghdad was the origin of the sect and the place where it spread, then it spread to other countries, but its spread was limited compared to other sects.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the study of fiqh and Sharia schools is of great importance to Muslims, they are a kind of mercy of Allah Because Muslims can take the easiest option if there is confusion about an issue. Simply search for the opinion that is suitable for you.